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Ballot Explained

U.S. House · November 3, 2026

Who's running in California's 1st congressional district

2 candidates are on the ballot. Below is what each one says they stand for, what they have actually done in office or in public life, and the arguments published for and against them — each quoted from a named source rather than summarised by us.

Candidates
2
Incumbent
James Gallagher
Parties
Republican · Democratic
State primary
Jun 2

Candidates appear in ballot order. We do not rank them, score them, or recommend one — here is how this is put together, and here is what the office actually does.

2 candidates · ballot order · James Gallagher currently holds this seat

High confidenceHigh confidenceBacked by government records or the candidate's own official statements, with agreement across several independent sources.What would raise it: Nothing missing — this is the strongest evidence tier.

What they say they stand for

Their own words. Claims, not verified facts.

  • Make life more affordable for North State families through lower taxes, lower fees and fewer regulations.
  • Expand energy production to bring prices down.
  • Enact tougher criminal laws to protect communities from crime.
  • Continue the border security policies of the current administration.
  • Protect farms and businesses from what he describes as excessive government regulation.
  • Defend individual and property rights, and parental rights in schools.

What they’ve actually done

Documented record from official sources.

  • Won the June 2, 2026 special election for the remainder of Doug LaMalfa's term with 62.1% of the vote, and was sworn in on June 10, 2026.
  • Member of the California State Assembly for the 3rd district, 2014 to 2026.
  • Assembly Republican Leader, 2022 to 2025.
  • Served six years on the Sutter County Board of Supervisors before his Assembly service.
  • Co-authored California legislation restricting ultra-processed foods in school lunches, working with Democratic legislators.
  • Missed 3 of 69 roll call votes between June and August 2026, according to GovTrack.
  • Endorsed by the California Republican Party, House Speaker Mike Johnson, House Majority Leader Steve Scalise, President Donald Trump and the Howard Jarvis Taxpayers Association.

Arguments in favor

  • He has passed legislation in a Capitol his party does not control, working with Democrats on housing permitting changes and on a school nutrition law.

    James Gallagher, in an interview with The Press Democrat

  • Expanding energy production and cutting state fees and regulation is the fastest way to bring down what North State families pay for power, fuel and housing.

    James Gallagher's campaign

Arguments against

  • He backed an administration that cut roughly a trillion dollars from Medicaid to pay for tax cuts, a cut that falls hardest on a rural district heavily dependent on the program.

    Mike McGuire's campaign

  • He will not challenge the administration when its policies raise costs in the district; McGuire has called him a "lapdog" on tariffs and health care.

    Mike McGuire, quoted in The Press Democrat

What we couldn’t verify

  • How he would vote on specific federal wildfire and forest-management funding for the district, which he has not spelled out in detail.
  • His position on the federal payments to rural counties containing national forest land, an issue his opponent has campaigned on.

What they say they stand for

Their own words. Claims, not verified facts.

  • Reverse the federal Medicaid cuts and keep rural hospitals and health centers open.
  • Protect reproductive health care access.
  • Fund wildfire prevention and firefighting at the federal level, arguing Washington does not pay its share on forest land it owns.
  • Expand rural broadband as basic infrastructure.
  • Lower costs for working families, including by ending tariffs he says raise prices.
  • Raise the federal minimum wage, starting with health care and fast food workers.

What they’ve actually done

Documented record from official sources.

  • California State Senator for the 2nd district since 2014.
  • President pro tempore of the California State Senate, 2024 to 2025.
  • Led California's rural broadband initiative, a roughly $6 billion state investment.
  • Backed state budgets that doubled the number of Cal Fire firefighters and funded wildfire prevention.
  • Authored legislation funding rural birthing centers and rural doctor residency programs.
  • Supported Proposition 50, the November 2025 measure that replaced the commission-drawn congressional map with the current one.
  • Finished behind Gallagher in the June 2, 2026 special election and advanced from the concurrent primary in the redrawn district.
  • Endorsed by the California Democratic Party, Governor Gavin Newsom, Senators Alex Padilla and Adam Schiff, and the Chico Enterprise-Record, Press Democrat and Sacramento Bee.

Arguments in favor

  • His state Senate record shows he delivers for the rural north: the state's largest rural broadband build-out, a doubling of state firefighter ranks, and laws keeping rural birthing centers and health clinics open.

    Mike McGuire's campaign

  • Rural health care in the district is at a crisis point, and he would work to repeal the federal Medicaid cuts driving it.

    Mike McGuire, in an interview with North State Public Radio

Arguments against

  • He helped write the map he is now running on: Proposition 50 redrew the North State's representation, and he drew a district that suits him.

    James Gallagher, who has said "we don't need your Prop. 50" and called it a district McGuire "rigged for yourself"

  • His votes on state climate and energy policy contributed to California's high electricity and gasoline prices.

    James Gallagher's campaign

What we couldn’t verify

  • How he would handle the district's rural far-north counties, which voted heavily against Proposition 50 and where he ran well behind Gallagher in June.
  • Detail on how he would pay for the federal wildfire funding increase he calls for.

Positions and criticism are quoted from the named sources, not our assessments. This is built to help you start getting informed — confirm the official candidate list with your election authority before you vote.

California uses a top-two primary: the two candidates with the most votes on June 2, 2026 advance regardless of party. Gallagher and McGuire advanced in this district. The district's boundaries changed for 2026 under Proposition 50, which voters approved in November 2025; the new 1st District runs from the rural far north down into Democratic-leaning Sonoma County. Gallagher separately won a special election on June 2 to finish the term of Rep. Doug LaMalfa, who died in January 2026, so he holds the seat now under the old boundaries. Roster confirmed against the California Secretary of State's primary returns and reporting by CBS Sacramento, ABC10 and The Press Democrat.

This is one contest on a longer ballot

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